Detailed notes on Infinitives.

INFINITIVES

Infinitives, usually, but not perpetually, is preceded by to. While you normally depend of only one type of infinitive (to + verb), there are in truth four types:

Active Present: to drive Passive Present: to be driven

Active Perfect: to put up driven Passive Perfect: to birth been driven

Infinitives become difficult because they can function as a noun, an adverb, or an adjective. It is up to you to determine which one. Infinitives are similar to participles and gerunds in that they can have a send object. By exploitation the key (whom?/what? after the infinitive), you can determine whether or not the infinitive has a look object:

Helen decided to accept the challenge.

Infinitive + whom?/what? = direct object

To accept + what? = challenge (challenge is the direct object of the infinitive)

Infinitives differ from gerunds and participles in that they can also have subjects. Gerunds and Participles cannot have subjects. This subject unceasingly comes after the main verb and directly before the infinitive. What makes the subject moderately difficult to identify is that it will look as it is the direct object of the main verb:

The student asked the teacher to facilitate him.

In this sentence, it would seem as if teacher is direct object of the verb asked:

(subject + verb + whom?



/what? = direct object

Student + asked + whom?/what? = teacher

However, in reality teacher is actually the subject of the infinitive to help. After you have located the infinitive and you have looked to see if the infinitive has a direct object, always look at the noun or pronoun to the left of the infinitive. If that noun or pronoun could do the action of the infinitive, then the infinitive has a subject. For example, can the teacher help? Yes. Well, teacher, then,

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